This article aims to investigate and characterise types of literary text analysis in Russian language lessons by reviewing the scientific and practical experience accumulated in the methodology of teaching the Russian language and literature at school. The first type of analysis is a combination of assignments aimed at both understanding the content of a literary work as an art phenomenon and identifying its structural features, which actualizes the methodological principles of school literature teaching. This model also includes linguistic-stylistic assignments covering various levels of the language system. Such an analysis can be called complex. The second type involves focused analysis organized within the framework of working with a linguistic concept. The main purpose of students in this case is to identify meanings, i.e., substitutes for the lexical meaning of a concept word. The types of analysis described in this article can be used to help students understand the literary text in its semantic integrity.

The article aims to solve the problem of training teachers to work with children with disabilities. The purpose was to investigate the content of the programme for improving the professional competencies of secondary school teachers of the Russian language and literature called «Methodological aspects of preparing students with disabilities for the final interview in the Russian language.» To this end, analytical methods were used, such as retrospective analysis of scientific literature; content analysis of periodicals on the research problem; and practical methods (actualisation of personal experience in the system of advanced training of teachers in the direction of special (correctional) and inclusive education). This programme for improving the professional competencies of language teachers is based on the provisions of school linguodidactics and requirements of a special methodology of the Russian language. The suggested programme consists of two modules: the first discloses the mechanisms of organising oral interviews, state final exams and state exams in the Russian language for students with disabilities. The second module allows teachers to learn practical approaches to developing skills of oral speech in such students.

One of the eternal problems raised in Russian literature is the problem of honour and dishonour, which becomes particularly urgent during wartime periods. The front-line poet A. T. Tvardovsky, who participated in two wars as a war correspondent – the Soviet-Finnish (Winter War) and the Second World War, could not remain indifferent to this topic. In order to find out how the concept of "Honour" (Chest ̓ ) is understood in his poems about war and the poem "Vasily Terkin", we analysed the contextual semantics of the lexeme honour (chest) and its derivatives using the method of continuous sampling of language units, methods of structural-semantic and functional-stylistic analysis of language signs. The article shows that the concept of "Honour" (Chest ̓ ) is one of the important cognitive units in the concept sphere of Tvardovsky. This concept is embodied in the lexical units of honour (chest ̓), honest (chestnyi), honour (pochest )̓ . According to the poet, it is the indomitable spiritual resilience and loyalty to the person̓s moral principles that characterise Russian people. Tvardovsky repeatedly expressed the idea that dishonour for a man is worse than shame and more terrifying than death. He believed that there was no excuse for fighters betraying honour and the sense of self-respect. This understanding of the concept "Honour" (Chest ̓) – not only in line with Pushkin̓s tradition but wider – lies in the spirit of the national mentality.

The study reveals specific ways of expressing the passage of time in the story "Live and Remember" by Valentin Rasputin. The study is aimed at demonstrating how the development of the plot, the dialectic of relationships between memory and oblivion, as well as the fluctuations in the heroes’ memories – all create the image of a pendulum. The applied methodology involved a linguostylistic analysis of the text. The author identifies linguistic means that help the writer to draw images of a pendulum-person and a pendulum-object. Special attention is paid to syntactic constructions of different types used to convey the ambivalence of the characters’ body and mind. The image of a pendulum and the motive of pendulum movement create the feeling of the onward march of time and the oncoming final date.

The author carries out a linguopoetic analysis of A. A. Voznesensky’s poem "Candle Sculptor" ("Skul’ptor Svechei") with a particular focus on its lexical composition and textual associative meaning fields, as well as symbolic, methaphoric and intertextual connections. The poem is devoted to the theme of creativity, which appears in the work as spiritual burning requiring the highest effort and complete dedication from a person. The vocabulary associated with the theme of creativity constructs associative semantic fields, thus determining the basic metaphors and symbols of the text. The poem contains clearly expressed intertextual connections: references to the ancient legend about the sculptor Pygmalion, allusions to the poetic works of V. V. Mayakovsky and B. L. Pasternak, as well as to the text of the Orthodox prayer "Our Father" ("Otche Nash").

This article aims to determine the types and role of phonetic transformations of words as an active tactics applied in modern Russian poetry. This problem has not received sufficient theoretical attention, which is significant for an adequate analysis of artistic speech. The methods of functional and contextual analysis were applied allowing the phenomenon under study to be considered as an element of an integral literary text. As a result, the functions of phonetic transformations of words in poetic speech were revealed, in particular: 1) rhythmic (primary associated with the nature of poetic speech); 2) iconic, including the function of creating sound imagery (contributing to an enhanced expression of the author’s intention and ensuring the participation of phonetic transformations in certain types of stylisation); 3) compressive (reflecting the tendency towards speech economy, focused on spoken speech and incomplete pronunciation style); 4) text-forming (sound transformations as the main expressive means of a text can determine its structure); 5) euphemistic (the transformed version of the word constructs a phonetic allusion to its original version); 6) comic (the original sound can generate new versions including game, ironic and other meanings). It is concluded that there is a tight connection between phonetic experiments and the semantic accents made in poetic texts. The results of the study contribute to the existing scientific literature on phonemic transformations. The results can be applied when conducting a philological analysis of a text and at Russian language and literature lessons.

This article aims to identify and substantiate the existence of specific national standards of male beauty as the nation’s value orientation. The research was conducted using the methods of descriptive, comparative and contextual analysis, as well as quantitative calculations. The article confirms that the carriers of modern dialects have the idea of the secondary importance of male beauty over such qualities as strength, activity, intelligence, etc., which represent male dominance and status superiority. This idea reflects the national traditional value attitudes. It is noted that, although the traditional society does not recognize the social significance of male beauty, this phenomenon and its standards find representation in dialects. The following content characteristics of male beauty, which meet the traditional aesthetic ideas of Russian people, were confirmed by paroemiological materials: strong and harmonious body, physical strength, manner, good height, round face, blond hair, light-coloured eyes, etc. In addition, it was found that the disdainful attitude of Russian men towards their appearance is associated with their adherence to the "norm of anti-femininity", which is typical of a patriarchal society. This norm also implies that men consider care about attractiveness as disrespectful, lowering their status. A conclusion is made about the specificity of Russian standards of male beauty, the content characteristics of which reveal the national-cultural idea of masculinity. Assumptions about the necessity to analyse the viability and stability of these stereotypes in the context of aggressive globalisation were made.

This article presents the results of a sociolinguistic electronic survey conducted in 2017–2019 in Finland. The purpose was to reveal the attitude of children towards their names in bilingual and polylingual families living in Finland. The questionnaire was answered by 19 children (4 interviews was taken additionally) aged from 10 to 16 years old (born between 2002–2010). The research methods were: the method of sociolinguistic questionnaire, focused interviews, the method of verification, the case study method. As a result, socio-psychological motives determining the orientation of variants of children’s names both at the culture of their parents (family) and the Finnish society. The novelty of the pilot study is an analysis of bilingual children’s reflections on their personal name as a significant part in self-identification processes.

The article is a fragment of the academic description of spelling. It is dedicated to the spelling of words with prefixes pre- and pri-. The assertion that the spelling of the vowel is determined by the correct choice of the prefix pre- or the prefix pri- is disputed. This thesis is true only for those meanings that occur in the stressed position. In other cases the spelling does not reflect the systemic opposition of morphemes, it is historically conditioned. The existing types of description of this spelling problem are compared. Two criteria are used in the description of this spelling: etymological and semantic. The semantic criterion can include different meanings and can refer to a prefix or a word. The expediency of building a rule based on the classification of the meanings of lexems, rather than prefixes, is shown. The restriction on the application of the prefix "check rule" is substantiated, it is determined when the check is allowed only by forms or derivatives of the same word. The reasons for including unchecked prefix meanings in the rule are considered. A version of the rule is proposed that reflects the systemic opposition of prefixes and the historically conditioned spelling that meets the requirements for an academic description.

The article briefly highlights the life path and scientific heritage of Vlas Platonovich Zhukov (1921– 1991), Doctor of Philology, Professor, Honoured Scientist of the RSFSR, one of the leading phraseologists in Russia. The constructive pillars of the scholar’s concept consisted in two oppositions: 1) a phraseological unit and a word 2) a word and a component of a phraseological unit. In line with this direction and using the method of phraseological application, a whole complex of fundamental problems can be solved: the originality of the phraseological meaning in comparison with the lexical meaning, the sign properties of the components, the typology of accompanying words, the differentiation of synonymy and variance of phraseological units, the role of evaluativity in the formation of the semantics of a phraseological unit and its categorical properties, etc. The author’s main theoretical provisions were successfully implemented in his textbooks, teaching aids and dictionaries.

The article examines the scientific and poetic creativity of the outstanding Russian philologist Mikhail Viktorovich Panov. The author analyses Panov’s ideas formulated in the course of lectures on the language of Russian poetry, emphasizing that, for Panov, the development of the Russian poetic language relies on the movement of poetic forms embodied at the level of phonetics, verbal and figurative series of literary works. The dynamics of poetic form is determined by poets’ desire to search for new and unexpected forms of poetic language; however, this search frequently follows the path of repeating familiar poetic formulas or their conscious displacement (shift). Panov-the researcher finds a scheme or matrix for describing a wide variety of poetic trends and styles, offering a scientific classification of poetic techniques. However, having a poetic talent, Panov was able to discover poetry in science, which he adored. The author of the article analyses several of Panov’s poems about life and war (of which he was a participant), about science and scientists. Linguistics and scientific ideas formulated by linguists became heroes of Panov’s poetry. Therefore, Panov’s work intertwined the approach of both a scientist and a poet: he finds science in poetry and poetry in science.