Secondary borrowings in modern Russian: digital sphere verbs
https://doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2023-84-6-81-91
Abstract
The article examines verbs functioning in the sphere of digital technologies in terms of their entering the Russian language via secondary borrowing. The material of the study is verbs ending in -irovat’ possessing computer and digital semantics. They are associated with the corresponding English words and at the same time coincide in form with old loanwords. These are the lexemes the Russian language assimilated a long time ago (for example, administer, activate, archive, block, generate, encode, configure, copy, route, log, fragment, export, and so on). The study considers ways of assimilating secondary borrowings and the specific features of their functioning in the modern Russian language. We conclude that some of the analysed verbs show homonymic relations with the old loanwords, while others have polysemy relations. The semantic structure of the verbs already borrowed by the literary language, as well as their word-formation (suffix -irova-) facilitates the active assimilation of secondary borrowings. Some of the verbs with computer semantics differ from the old loanwords in connotations.
About the Authors
E. V. Puritskaya
Institute for Linguistic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elizaveta V. Puritskaya, Candidate of Sciences (Philology), Senior Researcher
Saint Petersburg
E. A. Belyaeva
Institute for Linguistic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Evgeniya A. Belyaeva, Master of Linguistics, Junior Researcher
Saint Petersburg
References
1. Avilova N. S. Verbs with the suffix -ova- and its variants -irova-, -izirova-, -izova- in Russian. Issledovaniya po grammatike russkogo literaturnogo yazyka: sb. statei / N. S. Pospelov, N. Yu. Shvedova (otv. red.) = Studies on the grammar of the Russian literary language: collection of articles / N. S. Pospelov, N. Yu. Shvedova (eds.). Moscow: Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1955. P. 42–73. (In Russ.)
2. Belyaeva S. A. English words in Russian in the 16th–20th centuries. Vladivostok: Publishing House of Far Eastern University, 1984. 108 p. (In Russ.)
3. Vinogradov V. V. On homonymy and related phenomena. Voprosy Jazykoznanija = Topic in the Study of Language. 1960;5:3–17. (In Russ.)
4. Goncharova N. N. Some aspects of the phenomenon of borrowing in the terminology of information technology. Issledovatel’skii Zhurnal Russkogo Yazyka i Literatury = Research Journal of Russian Language and Literature. 2018;6(2):87–110. (In Russ.)
5. Gorbov A. A. On semantic calquing and «secondary borrowing» in Russian at the turn of the 21st century. Voprosy Jazykoznanija = Topic in the Study of Language. 2015;1:87–101. (In Russ.)
6. Dmitrieva O. I. Neologization of the verbal semantic-word-formation subsystem of the Russian language as a dynamic process. Russkii yazyk v polikul’turnom mire: I Mezhdunarodnyi simpozium (8–12 iyunya 2017 g.): sb. nauch. st. v 2 t. T. 2 / E. Ya. Titarenko (otv. red.) = Russian language in a multicultural world: I International Symposium (8–12 June 2017): collection of scientific articles in 2 vols. Vol. 2 / E. Ya. Titarenko (ed.). Simferopol: Arial, 2017. P. 20–24. (In Russ.)
7. Krysin L. P. Secondary borrowing and its description in the explanatory dictionary. Russkii yazyk segodnya: sb. statei / L. P. Krysin (otv. red.). Vyp. 3: Problemy russkoi leksikografii = Russian language today: collection of articles / L. P. Krysin (ed.). Iss. 3: Issues of Russian lexicography. Moscow, 2004. P. 143–148. (In Russ.)
8. Krysin L. P. On some changes in the Russian language of the late 20th century. Issledovaniya po slavyanskim yazykam = Research on Slavic languages. Seoul, 2000;5:63–91. (In Russ.)
9. Marinova E. V. Updating the lexical system of the modern Russian language as a result of secondary borrowing. Opera Slavica. 2008;18(4):32–39. (In Russ.)
10. Osetrova O. I., Egorova E. V. Anglicisms of Internet communication: educational and methodological manual for students in the field of "Translator in the field of professional communication". Ulyanovsk: Ulyanovsk State University, 2017. 60 p. (In Russ.)
11. Smirnova E. A. Causatives in -irovat’ in the semantic-grammatical dictionary of Russian verbs. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seria 9: Filologia = Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 9: Philology. 2021;2:35–48. (In Russ.)
12. Modern Russian language. Active processes at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries / L. P. Krysin (ed.). Moscow: Languages of Slavic cultures, 2008. 710 p. (In Russ.)
13. Shkurat O. M. Special verbal vocabulary in the online encyclopedia "Lurkomorye": derivational and semantic analysis. Intellektual’nyi potentsial XXI veka: stupeni poznaniya = Intellectual Potential: Stages of Cognition. 2010;4:252–255. (In Russ.)
Review
For citations:
Puritskaya E.V., Belyaeva E.A. Secondary borrowings in modern Russian: digital sphere verbs. Russian language at school. 2023;84(6):81-91. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2023-84-6-81-91
Views:
332
Email this article 