Gvozdev’s scientific heritage through history: from the rise of interest in the Russian child’s speech to the establishing of ontolinguistics (developmental linguistics)
https://doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2022-83-2-46-56
Abstract
The present paper aims to comprehend the place of A. N. Gvozdev’s linguistic heritage in the studies of child speech and in theoretical linguistics. A. N. Gvozdev (1892–1959) is rightfully considered the founding father of the science of mastering the mother tongue; he is the foremost authority on the Russian child’s speech. Nevertheless, several observations made by the scientist have not been properly evaluated yet. A number of papers devoted to mastering writing remain unpublished. Another relevant task is to analyse and use the methodology developed by the scientist for performing participant longitudinal observation of a child’s speech development. The paper examines the context of the formation of scientific approaches to studying a child’s language development in linguistics and psychology in the 1920s-30s. The research provides a brief review of A. N. Gvozdev’s views on the process of speech ontogenesis. The scientist’s perspective was reflected in the diary of his son’s speech development. There is a connection between the researcher’s studies in the field of children’s speech, dialectology, and the theory of spelling. The paper also outlines the evaluations of A. N. Gvozdev’s writings provided by well-known psychologists, teachers, and linguists. Additionally, archival data and his contemporaries’ memories are presented. Moreover, the paper discusses A. N. Gvozdev’s place in the formation of the national tradition of psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic approaches to mastering the first language. The practical relevance of Gvozdev’s research into the practice of diagnosing Russian-speaking children’s speech disorders and the methodology of teaching Russian as a native and a foreign language is analysed. The paper concludes that further comprehension of the heritage of national linguistics for the development of modern ontolinguistics and for the practice of teaching languages is valuable.
About the Author
T. A. Kruglyakova
Saint Petersburg State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatiana A. Kruglyakova, Candidate of Sciences (Philology), Associate Professor
Saint Petersburg
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For citations:
Kruglyakova T.A. Gvozdev’s scientific heritage through history: from the rise of interest in the Russian child’s speech to the establishing of ontolinguistics (developmental linguistics). Russian language at school. 2022;83(2):46-56. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2022-83-2-46-56
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